Water-marking



1935- w. P. MCCORKINDALE 2,009,185

WATER MARKING Filed April 4, 1934 gNvENTdR. fi/m ffffirizm BY Ma /Q.

ATTORNEY Patented July 23,. 1935 UNITED ESTATES PATENT OFFICE 2,009,185 WATER-MARKING William P. McCorkindale, South Hadley Falls,

Mass., assignor of one-half to The McCorkindale Company, Holyoke, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts, and one-half to American Writing Paper Company, Inc., Holyoke, Mass., a corporation of Delaware Application April 4, 1934, Serial No. 718,972 I 8 Claims. (01. 9H8) ber 718,971, filed on April 4, 1934.

The principal objects of theinvention are directed to the provision of a novel process of, and apparatus for, producing water-marks in paper. The novel features of the invention facilitate the producing of new and novel effects heretofore unknown in the paper-making art.

According to the present practice of forming water-marks and other markings in paper, a dandy roll bears on a formed web of paper which is carried by a Fourdrinier wire or-the like to produce the mark by shifting the fibers. 'According, to this invention, water-marks are formed as the paper-makings, fibers are formed into a web when taken on by a foraminus papermaking surface. Where a dandy roll is used, the

characteristics of the water-marks produced thereby are more or less limited, but according to this invention various and numerous'nove'l effects are possible. I

Various novel features and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter more fully referred to in connection with the accompanying description of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a foraminous paper-making memberhaving means as sociated therewith to produce a water-mark. I

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of a sheet showing a water-mark therein produced by the I water-marking features shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a device for car y n a sheet or web of paper in the nature of a foraminous member having means associated therewith for producing a water-mark.

Fig. 4 is a plan view similar to Fig. 2 showing apdrtion of a sheet of paper having a watermark produced by the water-marking means disclosed in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional more or less diagrammatic elevational view showing certain parts of a paper-making apparatus ,with certain of the water-marking means of the invention, and

Fig. 6 is an inverted plan view of the papermaking element shown in Fig. 5

Referring now to the drawing more in detail, the invention will be fully described. In Fig. 5 there is shown in section a papermaking member 2 of the same general type as that shown in my pending application executed by me on March 14, 1934, and identified as Serial No. 718,971, filed April 4, 1934. This includes a receptacle 4 having a perforated plate 6 over which is disposed a foraminous paper-making surface 8 which may be in the form of wire screen, wire cloth, or the like.

A stuff vat is shown at 10 which, as in the application referred to, contains paper-making material into which the foraminous face of the making member 2 is submerged. The member 4 is then subjected to suction by means of a pipe or conduit 12 connected to a source of suction whereby the paper-making material is drawn onto' the foraminous surface.

A carrier 5 is, shown in Fig. 3 which, as in the application referred to, comprises a foraminous member SsuppOrted by a frame 1. The paper formed on member 8 is deposited on the carrier 5 by suction, as is explained in said application.

The water-marking features to be described are preferably used with the apparatus just briefly described.

In Fig. 1 ,a section of the foraminous surface 8 of a palper-forming member such as member 2 is shown and according to' the invention there is provided therein a depression or depressions it which are in the shape or form of the watermark it is desired to produce in the paper. In the example shown, the depression is in the shape of the letter A and may be formed by depressing or indenting the foraminous surface slightly. The water-mark is produced in the paper by drawing the paper-making material onto the foraminous surface and into the depression by suction. v

The sinking of the letter A into the foraminous surface causes relatively more of the fibers to be deposited in the depression than elsewhere on the foraminous surface whereby paper-making material is relatively more dense over the depression than in the main body of the paper S. This is indicated by 15 in Fig. 2 and it will be seen the water-mark appears darker than the main body of the sheets.

It is seen, then, that I make it possible to provide water-marks which are relatively lighter and darker than the main body of the sheet and which may be of various designs and shapes by virtue of the fact that the fibers are arranged in such a way as to produce the effects.

In Fig. 3 the foraminous member ii of a carrier 5 has associated therewith a water-marking element is which is preferably formed of some material adapted to contain and release a coloring substance such as a dye or the like. The characteristics of the element it are such that the coloring substance therein is released so as to be absorbed by the paper. That is, when the moist paper 5 formed on the surface 53 is superposed thereover and transferred to the carrier 5, the fibers overlying the marking element absorb to some extent the coloring substance incorporated in the element it.

The element may be of fabric, blotting paper or of some more or less porous material capable of containing and releasing coloring. This is so that when the paper is deposited on the forarninous surface of the carrier, the fibers are caused to absorb the coloring substance whereby t"..e sheet or web of paper carries a water-marlr which corresponds in design to the element l8 and which is colored or tinted according to the colorlug substance associated with and released by said element.

Blotting paper which is saturated with dye has been found to be particularly adapted for the purpose of the invention, although I do not wish to he so limited. When a sheet of paper is thus deposited on and removed from the carrier, there is provideda colored water-marl: in the shape of the element ill. During the course of the drying of the sheet S, the coloring penetrates and sets in the sheet so that there results a sheet having a colored water-mark incorporated therein. This has been found to be very useful in connection with the manufacture or" paper used for certain purposes and it will be readily appreciated that the elements or element to may take various forms and shapes and that they may embody substances within a wide range of colors, all to the end that numerous novel effects may be obtamed.

It is desirable that water-marking elements be provided which may be readily and easily attachable and removable from the foraminous surface so that water-marks may be interchanged to facilitate the production of paper having various and numerous water-marks.

In. the form of the invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6, a removable water-marking element or elements 30 are provided. A block member 32 is provided which preferably extends downwardly through the plate 5 and has its forward face against the foraminous surface 8. The upper side of the block extends upwardly through the member 4 and a magnet 3c of any well known form is employed for placing on the block 32 so that the water-marking elements 30 are held magnetically against the foraminous surface 8.

The water-marking element or elements 30 may, of course, take any form desired and by removing the magnet from the block the element or. elements 30 may be released so that others may be located on and held in place on the foraminous surface by magnetic action.

In the manufacture of paper it is often desirable to produce small lots of paper having certain water-marking. This is, of course, difficult and commercially impractical where dandyrolls are employed or where the water-marking elements are in some manner attached to the foraminous surface. According to the novel features of this invention, the water-marking elementsmay be changed at will and thus it is possible by changing the elements to readily and easily produce small lots of paper having special water-marks. I

While I have described the invention in great detail and with respect to a preferred form thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereto since many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. What it is desired to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A process of producing water-marked paper which consists in depositing paper-making material on a non-rounded foraminous surface by suction, the saidsurface having a depression therein in the form of a water-mark being produced whereby the water-marked portion of the paper is of greater density than the main body thereof.

2. In an apparatus for producing water-marked paper, the combination of a member provided with a non-rounded forarninous surface having a depression therein in the form of a watermark and suction meansfor depositing paper-making material on said surface.

3. An apparatus for producing water-marked paper comprising, a member having a foraminous surface provided with a water-marking element magnetically held thereon.

4. An apparatus for producing water-marked paper comprising, a member having a foraminous surface provided with a Water-marking element on one side thereof and a magnet on the other side thereof for holding said water-marking ele ment against said one side of the surface.

5. An apparatus for producing water-marked paper comprising in combination, areceptacle member provided with a foramlnous surface having a water-marking element on one side thereof and a magnetized member extending from the other side thereof through said receptacle for holding said element against said one side of the surface.

6. An apparatus for producing water-marked paper comprising, a paper-making member including a receptacle having a foraminous surface and means for depositing paper-making material onto said surface by suction, said surface being provided with a water-marking element magnetically held thereon.

7. An apparatus for producing water-marked paper comprising, a paper-making member including a receptacle having a foramlnous surface and means for depositing paper-making material onto said surface by suction, said surface being provided with a watermarking element on one side thereof and amagnetized member extending from the other side thereof through said papermaking member for magnetically holding said element on said one side.

8. The process of producing paper having a colored water-mark therein which consists in, depositing a wet sheet of paper-making material on a substantially flat foraminous surface by means of suction, which foraminous surface has a water-marking element thereon which releases Coloring material as said sheet is deposited on said. surface.

WILLIAM P. MCCORKENDALE. 

